Permanent wave heater



Aug. 1, 1933. SQMMER 1,920,531

PERMANENT WAVE HEATER Filed April 4. 1932 INVENTOR.

f A TTORNEYS.

BY W 3 Q Patented Aug. 1, 1933 PA'IENT OFFICE PERMANENT wave HEATER Samuel Sommcr, San Francisco, Calif.

Application April 4, 1932.

Serial No. 602,945

7 Claims. (Cl. 132-36? This invention relates to heaters for use in connection with so-called permanent hair waving machines.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a heater of the character referred to which is fitted with efficient means for shielding the scalp from hot, vapors escaping from the heater during the use thereof.

In practicing the invention, I have provided a heater having a heating portion adapted to tightly clamp the hair on the curler and radiate heat to effect the curl. I also provide a pair of shields which are arranged on the heater and capable of interposition between the curler and the scalp 15 in such a manner as to entirely prevent the escape of steam or hot vapor from within the heater toward the scalp.

One form which the invention may assume is exemplified in the following description and illus- 20 trated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a heater embodying my present invention and the curler and protector clamp arranged for the reception of the heater.

Fig. 2 is a view in end elevation of the heater mounted on the curler and showing indotted lines the arrangement of the protecting shields.

Fig. 3 is a view in transverse section through the heater showing the heater clamping the hair on the curler and the heater members in the position they assume just prior to assuming their shielding position.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the shielding members in shielding position.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to-Fig. 3 showing the heater about to be released or to be applied to the curler. a 1

Referring more particularly to the accompanying drawing, indicates a permanent hair waving heater comprising a pair of heater members 11 and 12 and a heating element 14. The heating element 14 is cylindrical and is adapted to be disposed in complementary parts of a longitudinal socket formed halt in each heating member adjacent the upper edge thereof.

The heating members 11 and 12 are rotatable about the cylindrical outer surface of the heating element 14 in order that the lower semi-cylindrical jaws 15 of the heating members may be expanded or contracted. These lower semi-cylindrical jaws 15 of the heating members are curved about an axis parallel to the axis of the socket receiving the heating element and are of such 55 curvature that they will tightly embrace a curler 16 about which the hair to be curled is wound.

In practice, the hair is first wound on this curler or spindle 16 and then a layer of thin flannel and paper is arranged over the hair. The heater is then applied with its jaws 15 tightly gripping the hair and curler. This maintains the hair in place on the curler and affords an opportunity for heat to be transmitted from the heating element 14 to the hair throughthe medium of the heating members 11 and 12.

Arranged exteriorly of the heating members 11 and 12 is a pair of shields 18 and 19. Centrally between theirupper and lower edges these shields are each formed with an inwardly projecting rib 20 which extends longitudinally in parallelism with the heating element 14 and which engage the heating members 11 and 12 in the longitudinal recesses disposed intermediate the socket portions which embrace the heating element and the semi-cylindrical jaws 15.

Springs 21 are provided which engage the shields 18 and 19 and constantly urge the lower ends of the shields toward each other and at the same time cause spring pressure to be applied to the heating members 11 and 12 through the medium of the shields and the ribs 20 thereon. This spring pressure appliedto the heating members 11 and 12 urges the jaws 15 toward each other to produce a clamping action.

It will be noticed that the lower ends of the shields 18 and 19 are inturned and are so disposed with relation to the lower edges of the jaws 15 that these inturned edges will come in close proximity to each other between the curler 16 and the scalp clamp 22. The onlyspacing be- It will be noticed from Figs. 1 and 2 that the.

ends of the heating members 11 and 12 are flanged. The outer contour of these flanges agrees with the outer contour of the lower portions of the shields 18 and 19 so as to effectively close the end spaces occurring between the jaws 15 and the shields l8 and 19.

The upper edges of the heater members 11 and 12 are turned back in order to provide abutments 23, which abutments will extend longitudinally of the heating members 11 and 12. The upper ends of the shields 18 and 19 are curved inwardly so that when the shieldmembers are in a certain position, the upper edges of the shields will. engage the abutments 23.

The shield members are each provided with a pair of handles 24 which may be grasped pincher like in order to spread the shields 18 and 19 and to spread the jaws 15. When the handles 24 are released, the springs 21 will naturally act to move the parts to a position shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

In operation of the device, the hair is wound on the curler 16 and the proper coverings applied. The handles 24 are then moved toward each other to expand not only the shields 18 and 19 but the jaws 15 of the heater members 11 and 12. It will be seen that when the handles are moved toward each other, the upper edges of the shield members 18 and 19 will engage the abutments 23 so that as the shield members are expanded the upper edges of the heater members 11 and 12 will be moved toward each other about the periphery of the heating element 14, causing spreading of the jaws 15.

The heater is then applied to the curler, as illustrated in Fig. 5, and as the handles are released, the jaws 15 will first tightly clamp the hair about the curler. Thereafter, further spreading of the handles 24 caused by the springs 21 will cause the shield members 18 and 19 to position themselves, as illustrated in Fig. 4. The springs 21 will urge. the adjacent lower edges of these shield mem-- bers into close proximity. I

When in this position, the flanges at the edges of the heater members 11 and 12 will enclose the spacing between the jaws 15 and the shields. Steam, therefore, cannot escape toward the scalp either between the contiguous edges of the shield members or through the spaces between the jaws 15 and the shields at the opposite ends of the heater. V

It will be noticed that when it is desired to remove the heater, moving of the handles 24 toward each other will first accomplish spreading of the shields 18 and 19. This movement will be continued until the upper edges of the shield members 18 and 19 engage the abutments 23. Thereafter, continued movement of the handles 24 toward each other will be accompanied by opening of the shields 18 and 19 together with spreading of the jaws 15 to release the curler.

It should be stated that the heating element 14 is an electrical heating element and that it is properly fitted with a removable electrical connection 14a.

The handles 24 are fitted with non-heat-conducting pads 24a in order that they may be comfortably grasped by the hands of the operator.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided an extremely efiicient heater for permanent waving machines which will not only provide tight gripping heating surfaces for transmission of heat to the hair but which will provide shielding means entirely preventing the escape of steam or hot vapors the scalp. The further advantage ofv the shield members is that they confine'to a great extent the heat within the heater in order that the curl will be more quickly and properly effected.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in its construction by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination with a hair curler, a heater adapted to embrace the same, shield members mounted on the heater in pivotal relation thereto and having portions adapted to be interposed between the curler and the scalp and to come in close proximity to each other to prevent the escape of steam from between the heater and curler toward the scalp.

2. A heater comprising a pair of heater members adapted to receive and tightly embrace a curler. shield members mounted on the heater members in pivotal relation thereto and having portions adapted to be positioned in close proximity with each other intermediate the curler and the scalp to prevent the escape of steam from heater toward the scalp.

3. A heater comprising a pair of heater mem bers adapted to receive and tightly embrace a curler, shield members mounted on the heater members in pivotal relation thereto and having portions adapted to be positioned in close proximity with each other intermediate the curler and the scalp to prevent the escape of steam from the heater toward the scalp, spring means engaging said shield members and constantly urging them into close proximity, and operating handles for spreading the shield mem bers and spreading the heater members through the medium of the shield members.

4. A heater comprising a pair of heater members mounted for swinging movement toward and away from each other, a shield arranged exteriorly of each heater member and having a portion inturned at the lower edge thereof at a point below the lower edge of the heater member, said shields pivotally engaging the heater members, spring means associated with the shield members and constantly urging them toward each other and constantly urging the heater members toward each other through the medium of the shields, handle members connected with the shield members for'spreading the same and the heater members, the inturned portions of the shields being adapted to come in close proximity to each other to prevent the escape of steam toward the scalp when the heater is in operation.

5. A heater comprising a pair of heater members mounted for swinging movement toward and away from each other, a shield arranged exteriorly of each heater member and havinga portion inturned at the lower edge thereof at a point below the lower edge of the heater member, said shields pivotally engaging the heater members, spring means associated with the shield members and constantly urging them toward each other and constantly urging the heater members'toward each other through the medium of the shields, handle members connected with the shield members for spreading the same and the heater members, the inturned portions of the shields being adapted to come in close proximity to each other to prevent the escape of steam toward the scalp when the heater is in operation, and flanges at the ends of the heater members to enclose the spacing between the heater members and the shields.

6. A permanent wave heater comprising a heater assembly for embracing a curler, and shielding means adapted to be interposed between the curler and' the scalp to prevent the escape of steam toward the scalp from the heater, said shielding means being mounted on the heater assembly for operation.

7. A permanent wave heater comprising a heater adapted to tightly embrace and clamp hair on a curler, shielding means mounted on the heater in pivotal relation thereto and being adapted to be interposed between the curler and the scalp to prevent the escape of steam from the curler toward the scalp.

SAMUEL SOMMER. 

